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Instructional Skills

During the mornings of the OJT Trainer Course, participants learn how to be excellent trainers.

They learn the instructional skills required to be able to cause error-free learning by teaching six times during the course--three times in class and three times on the job. This diagram shows the progression.

Day 1
  
On the Job
 
Day 2
  
Day 3
Explaining
Explaining
Explaining
Explaining
Explaining,
demonstrating
and coaching
Explaining, demonstrating
and coaching
  • On day 1, they learn to explain clearly, using skills they practice in Content-free Microteaching ®.
  • Next, during on-the-job practice, they practice their explaining skills while teaching three more times.
  • On day 2 of class, they learn how to demonstrate and coach, using the skills they practice in Content-Free Coaching.
  • During Day 3 of class, they begin to use the explaining, demonstrating, and coaching skills to teach real content.

Each lesson builds in the next, and when they finish the last practice lesson they will have successfully taught a real lesson, which they then will be ready to teach to real trainees. This transfer to the job is a most important aspect of a trainer course.

Course Schedule

Note that this half of the schedule shows the morning of each day, and that the class days are shown in yellow.

First Class Day

On The Job Practice

Second Class Day

Third Class Day

On-the-Job Training

Course Introduction
1 hour

Content-Free Microteaching
4˝  hours 

Participants plan, teach, and get feedback as they teach three different lessons. They teach in triads, rotating through the roles of trainer, trainee and critiquer. 

  The focus is on causing error-free learning during face-to-face instruction while practicing the skill of explaining.

(1 day to 2 weeks)

Content-Free Microteaching Practice 
3 hours

Each participant teaches three CFM lessons (the same lessons that were taught on the first class day) to the kinds of people who will be trained on the job.

 The focus is on learning how real people  (not other trainees) learn.

Review 
1˝ hours 

Review Content-Free Microteaching

Content-Free Coaching
2˝ hours

 Again, participants plan, teach, and get feedback as they each teach a different lesson and rotate through the roles of trainer, trainee and critiquer.

The focus is on causing error-free learning during side-by-side demonstration practice sessions.

Real-Content Coaching
 4 hours

Lesson planning and teaching one-to-one. The content is derived from the task analysis done during the on-the-job practice.

A performance checklist will be used to verify error-free learning.

Teaching

Teaching real content to real people, using the best coaching techniques.
———-
The transfer of classroom experience to the job is automatic and immediate because the lessons taught during  Real-Content Coaching are ready to be taught on the job. 


Instructional Process 

The three unique instructional formats are illustrated and described below. Performed as shown, the course completers are proficient in causing error-free learning.
 
Content-Free Microteaching

The instructor explains how to make a drawing. The student can't see the drawing and can't ask questions.  The critiquer observes while looking at a copy of the lesson plan and thus can understand what was said and what was heard and understood. The critique process reviews what worked and what didn’t and how to do better.  The teaching and critiquing processes are very enjoyable.

Content-Free Microteaching teaches the following skills:

  • Developing the lesson plan with the beginning, middle and ending parts
  • Selecting the most effective words to use with specific types of trainees
  • Organizing the lesson using the most effective patterns or strategies
  • Chunking the content into the most understandable units for easy comprehension
  • Explaining clearly, using appropriate comparisons and examples
  • Pacing the lesson so the students aren't overloaded, confused, or bored
  • Focusing on non-verbal feedback to know their students' states of mind
  • Summarizing the message as often as necessary
  • Seeking feedback to verify the accuracy of the communication
  • Using peer coaching to give feedback after analyzing another's explanation so it is accepted and usable

Content-Free Coaching

The instructor first explains and demonstrates how to assemble a "transparent" object (Legos, K'nex and Tinkertoys). The student then assembles it with assistance, and then does it without assistance until  it can be done correctly. The critiquer times the demonstration, coaching and performance phases. Again, this is very enjoyable.

Content-Free Coaching reinforces the CFM skills and, in addition, teaches the following skills:

  • Explaining and demonstrating how to perform a procedure
  • Coaching and cueing as the trainee practices
  • Pacing instruction based on both non-verbal and verbal feedback
  • Giving feedback using trainers', rather than social, responses to ensure error-free learning

Real-Content Coaching

The instructor demonstrates how to perform a real task (in this example, on a computer).  The student first practices with supervision and then does it without assistance.  The performance checklist is used to give feedback.  The lesson is modified to make it work efficiently on the job. This activity is fun and satisfying as it is exactly what they will be doing on the job.

Real-Content Coaching teaches the following skills:

  • Introducing the training session so the trainee will participate willingly, with context and "WIIFM"
  • Explaining and demonstrating the use of a real procedure
  • Coaching and cueing during the practice phase of the lesson
  • Verifying accuracy, efficiency and correctness of the performance using a checklist
  • Giving feedback to the trainee that both motivates and improves performance
  • Using a general coaching model effectively for new content and requirements
  • Concluding the training session so the trainee will willingly use the skills learned
The process of going from simulated training to real training is shown below.
Content-Free Microteaching
Teach 1 lesson 		On-the-Job CFM Practice
Teach 3 lessons 		Content-Free Coaching
Teach 1 lesson

Real-Content Coaching
 Teach 1 lesson

On-the-Job 
Training
Teach forever

Simulated students

Simulated students

Simulated students

Simulated students

Real trainees

Simulated content

Simulated content

Simulated content

Real content

Real content
Partial process

(explaining and feedback)		 Partial process

(explaining and feedback)		 Most of the process

(explaining, demonstration, coaching, and feedback)

Real process

(explaining, demonstration, coaching, testing and feedback)

Real process

(explaining, demonstrating, coaching, testing and documenting)
Paradigm Training Systems Inc
Pensacola, Florida